A Study About Blue Eye Technology

A Study About secular shopping centre TechnologyBlue eye schema provides technical elbow room for monitor and recording the movers basic physiological parameters. The most important parameter is saccadic activity1, which modifys the dodge to monitor the status of the operators optical attention along with head acceleration, which accompanies tumescent displacement of the visual axis (saccades larger than 15 degrees). Complex industrial environs roll in the hay create a danger of exposing the operator to harmful substances, which wad affect his cardiac, circulatory and pulmonary brasss. Thus, on the grounds of plethysmographic mansion taken from the forehead skin surface, the system computes heart beat set up and caudex oxygenation.The Blueeye system checks above parameters against abnormal (e.g. a low take aim of blood oxygenation or a high pulse rate) or hateful (e.g. a longer period of lowered visual attention) valuates and triggers drug physical exerciser-defi ned scargons when incumbent. instead often in an emergency situation operator speak to themselves expressing their awe or stating verbally the problem. Therefore, the operators voice, physiological parameters and an general enamor of the operating way of life ar recorded. This helps to reconstruct the course of operators work and provides selective entropy for long-term analysis.BlueEyes consists of a liquid measuring device and a fundamental analytical system. The mobile device is integrated with Bluetooth module providing wire little interface between sensors skeletal by the operator and the commutation unit. ID cards assigned to from each one of the operators and enough user profiles on the central unit spot provide necessary selective schooling individualalization so opposite masses crowd out use a single mobile device ( bodeed hereafter DAU entropy encyclopaedism whole). The overall system diagram is shown in visualize 1. The tasks of the mobile Data en cyclopedism Unit ar to chief(prenominal)tain Bluetooth connections, to get information from the sensor and move it over the radiocommunication connectionINTRODUCTIONImagine yourself in a world where military personnels interact with estimators. You are sitting in antecedent of your personal computer that can listen, talk, or even scream aloud. It has the cogency to gather training nigh you and interact with you by dint of special techniques exchangeable facial re learning, wrangle intuition, etc. It can even empathize your senses at the touch of the mouse. It verifies your identity, feels your presents, and starts interacting with you .You ask the computer to dial to your friend at his office. It significantizes the unavoidableness of the situation through the mouse, dials your friend at his office, and establishes a connection.Human cognition depends primarily on the ability to perceive, interpret, and integrate sound frequency-visuals and sensoring information . Adding extraordinary perceptual abilities to computers would enable computers to work together with gracious beings as intimate partners. Researchers are attempting to correspond more capabilities to computers that will allow them to interact like humans, recognize human presents, talk, listen, or even guess their feelings.The BLUE EYES engineering science aims at creating computational machines that pick up perceptual and sensorial ability like those of human beings. It uses non-obtrusive sensing method, employing most modern video cameras and microphones to identifies the users actions through the use of imparted sensory abilities . The machine can understand what a user wants, where he is feel at, and even realize his physical or emotional states.EMOTION AND computer scienceRosalind Picard (1997) describes why emotions are important to the computing community. There are cardinal aspects of affective computing braggy the computer the ability to detect emotions and givi ng the computer the ability to express emotions. Not only are emotions authoritative for rational decision making as Picard describes, nevertheless(prenominal) emotion detection is an important step to an line upive computer system. An adaptive, smart computer system has been driving our efforts to detect a persons emotional state. An important element of incorporating emotion into computing is for productiveness for a computer user. A study (Dryer Horowitz, 1997) has shown that pack with personalities that are similar or complement each other join forces well. Dryer (1999) has alike shown that people view their computer as having a personality. For these reasons, it is important to develop computers which can work well with its user.By duplicate a persons emotional state and the context of the expressed emotion, over a period of snip the persons personality is being exhibited. Therefore, by giving the computer a longitudinal understanding of the emotional state of its u ser, the computer could adapt a work style which fits with its users personality. The result of this collaboration could increase productivity for the user. One way of gaining information from a user non-intrusively is by video. Cameras have been apply to detect a persons emotional state (Johnson, 1999). We have explored gaining information through touch. One obvious place to put sensors is on the mouse. through with(predicate) law-abiding normal computer usage (creating and editing documents and surfing the web), people spend approximately 1/3 of their total computer time contemptible their input device. Because of the incredible amount of time spent touching an input device, we will explore the possibility of detecting emotion through touch.ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT voice communication RECOGNITIONIt is important to consider the environment in which the speech recognition system has to work. The grammar utilise by the loudspeaker system and accepted by the system, noise level, noise type, position of the microphone, and speed and bearing of the users speech are virtually factors that whitethorn affect the quality of speech recognition .When you dial the telephone number of a big company, you are likely to hear the sonorous voice of a cultured lady who responds to your call with great courtesy saying Welcome to company X. ravish give me the extension number you want. You pronounce the extension number, your name, and the name of person you want to contact. If the called person accepts the call, the connection is given quickly. This is artificial experience where an automatic pistol call-handling system is apply without employing any telephone operator.THE TECHNOLOGYArtificial newsworthiness (AI) involves two basic moods. First, it involves studying the thought processes of human beings. Second, it deals with representing those processes via machines (like computers, robots, etc). AI is conduct of a machine, which, if performed by a human being, w ould be called intelligent. It makes machines smarter and more useful, and is less expensive than natural intelligence. Natural dustup processing (NLP) refers to artificial intelligence methods of communicating with a computer in a natural language like English. The main objective of a NLP program is to understand input and initiate action. The input spoken communication are scanned and matched against internally stored kat once pass quarrel. Identification of a key word causes some action to be taken. In this way, one can communicate with the computer in ones language. No special commands or computer language are required. There is no need to enter programs in a special language for creating software.SPEECH RECOGNITIONThe user speaks to the computer through a microphone, which, in used a simple system may contain a lower limit of three filters. The more the number of filters used, the higher the probability of accurate recognition. Presently, switched capacity digital filters ar e used because these can be custom-built in integrated circuit form. These are small(a)er and cheaper than active filters exploitation operable amplifiers. The filter output is then cater to the ADC to translate the analogue sign of the zodiac into digital word. The ADC tests the filter outputs many times a second. apiece sample represents different premium of the signal .Evenly spaced vertical lines represent the amplitude of the audio filter output at the instant of sampling. Each value is then converted to a binary number proportional to the amplitude of the sample. A central processor unit (CPU) restraints the input circuits that are fed by the ADCS. A large RAM (random access memory) stores all the digital value in a buffer area. This digital information, representing the spoken word, is now accessed by the CPU to process it further. The normal speech has a oftenness range of 200 Hz to 7 kHz. Recognizing a telephone call is more difficult as it has bandwidth limitat ion of 300 Hz to3.3 kHz.As explained earlier, the spoken speech are processed by the filters and ADCs. The binary agency of each of these words becomes a template or standard, against which the future words are compared. These templates are stored in the memory. Once the storing process is completed, the system can go into its active mode and is capable of identifying spoken words. As each word is spoken, it is converted into binary equivalent and stored in RAM. The computer then starts searching and compares the binary input pattern with the templates. t is to be far-famed that even if the same speaker talks the same text, there are always slight variations in amplitude or loudness of the signal, pitch, absolute frequency difference, time gap, etc. Due to this reason, there is never a correct match between the template and binary input word. The pattern matching process therefore uses statistical techniques and is designed to look for the better(p) fit.The values of binary in put words are subtracted from the corresponding values in the templates. If both the values are same, the difference is zero and there is perfect(a) match. If not, the subtraction produces some difference or error. The smaller the error, the better the match. When the best match occurs, the word is identified and displayed on the screen or used in some other manner. The search process takes a wide amount of time, as the CPU has to make many comparisons before recognition occurs. This necessitates use of genuinely high-speed processors. A large RAM is also required as even though a spoken word may last only a few hundred milliseconds, but the same is translated into many thousands of digital words. It is important to note that alignment of words and templates are to be matched correctly in time, before computing the similitude s pith. This process, termed as dynamic time warping, recognizes that different speakers pronounce the same words at different speeds as well as elongate d ifferent parts of the same word. This is important for the speaker-independent recognizers.THE SIMPLE USER INTERST TRACKER (suitor)Computers would have been more than more powerful, had they gained perceptual and sensory abilities of the living beings on the earth. What needs to be developed is an intimate relationship between the computer and the humans. And the Simple substance abuser Interest Tracker (SUITOR) is a revolutionary approach in this direction.By observing the Webpage a netizen is browsing, the SUITOR can help by fetching more information at his desktop. By simply noticing where the users eyes focus on the computer screen, the SUITOR can be more precise in determining his topic of interest. It can even deliver relevant information to a handheld device. The success lies in how much the suitor can be intimate to the user. IBMs BlueEyes research project began with a simple question, jibe to Myron Flickner, a arguer in Almadens USER group Can we puzzle out nonverbal cu es to create more effective user interfaces?One such cue is gaze-the direction in which a person is looking. Flickner and his colleagues have created some new techniques for tracking a persons eyes and have incorporated this gaze-tracking technology into two prototypes. One, called SUITOR (Simple User Interest Tracker), fills a scrolling ticker on a computer screen with information related to the users current task. SUITOR knows where you are looking, what applications you are running, and what Web pages you may be browsing. If Im reading a Web page about IBM, for instance, says Paul Maglio, the Almaden cognitive scientist who invented SUITOR, the system presents the latest stock price or business news stories that could affect IBM. If I read the headline off the ticker, it pops up the story in a browser window. If I start to read the story, it adds related stories to the ticker. Thats the whole idea of an attentive system-one that attends to what you are doing, typing, reading, s o that it can attend to your information needs. part OF A BLUE EYE SYSTEM The major parts in the Blue eye system are Data acquirement Unit and Central System Unit. The tasks of the mobile Data Acquisition Unit are to maintain Bluetooth connections, to get information from the sensor and sending it over the radiocommunication connection, to deliver the alarm messages sent from the Central System Unit to the operator and handle personalized ID cards. Central System Unit maintains the other side of the Blue tooth connection, buffers submission sensor data, performs on-line data analysis, records the conclusions for further exploration and provides visualization interface.THE HARDWAREData Acquisition UnitData Acquisition Unit is a mobile part of the Blue eyes system. Its main task is to fetch the physiological data from the sensor and to send it to the central system to be processed. To accomplish the task the device must manage wireless Bluetooth connections (connection establishment , authentication and termination). Personal ID cards and PIN codes provide operators authorization.Figure Showing Jazz-multi SensorCommunication with the operator is carried on using a simple 5-key keyboard, a small LCD display and a beeper. When an exceptional situation is detected the device uses them to notify the operator. vocalism data is transferred using a small headset, interfaced to the DAU with standard mini-jack plugs.The Data Acquisition UnitThe Data Acquisition unit comprises several hardware modules figure showing dataacquisition unit Atmel 89C52 micro pick upler system core Bluetooth module (based on ROK101008) HD44780 small LCD display 24C16 I2C EEPROM (on a removable ID card)CENTRAL SYSTEM unit of measurement Central System Unit hardware is the second peer of the wireless connection. The box contains a Bluetooth module (based on ROK101008) and a PCM codec for voice data transmission. The module is interfaced to a PC using a parallel, sequent and USB cable.The audio data is accessible through standard mini-jack sockets over view of central system unit To program operators personal ID cards we developed a simple programming device. The programmer is interfaced to a PC using serial and PS/2 (power character) ports. Inside, there is Atmel 89C2051 microcontroller, which handles UART transmission and I2C EEPROM (ID card) programming.THE SOFTWAREBlue Eyes softwares main task is to look after functional operators physiological condition. To fix instant reaction on the operators condition change the software performs real time buffering of the incoming data, real-time physiological data analysis and alarm triggering.The Blue Eyes software comprises several functional modules System core facilitates thetransfers flow between other system modules (e.g. transfers crude(a) data from the companionship passenger car to data analyzers, processed data from the data analyzers to GUI controls, other data analyzers, data logger etc.).The System Core fundamental are single-producer-multi-consumer thread safe queues. Any number of consumers can memorialize to gravel the data supplied by a producer. Every single consumer can register at any number of producers, receiving therefore different types of data.Naturally, every consumer may be a producer for other consumers. This approach enables high system scalability new data processing modules (i.e. filters, data analyzers and loggers) can be intimately added by simply registering as a costumerConnection Manager is responsible for managing the wireless communication between the mobile Data Acquisition Unit the central system. The Connection Manager handles communication with the CSU hardware searching for new devices in the covered range establishing Bluetooth connections connection authentication incoming data buffering sending alertsData Analysis module performs the analysis of the raw sensor data in order to obtain information about the operators physiological condition. The separately running Data Analysis module supervises each of the working operators.The module consists of a number of smaller analyzers extracting different types of information. Each of the analyzers registers at the appropriate Operator Manager or another analyzer as a data consumer and, acting as a producer, provides the results of the analysis. visualization module provides a user interface for the supervisors. It enables them to watch each of the working operators physiological condition along with a preview of selected video source and related sound stream. All the incoming alarm messages are immediately signaled to the supervisor.The Visualization module can be set in an off-line mode, where all the data is fetched from the database.Watching all the recorded physiological parameters, alarms, video and audio data the supervisor is able to reconstruct the course of the selected operators duty.The physiological data is presented using a set of custom-built GUI controls a pie-char t used to present a percentage of time the operator was actively getting the visual information A VU-meter showing the present value of a parameter time series displaying a history of selected parameters value.BLUE-EYES BENEFITSPrevention from chanceful incidents Minimization of ecological consequences financial loss a threat to a human life Blue Eyes system provides technical means for monitoring and recording human-operators physiological condition. The key features of the system are visual attention monitoring (eye motility analysis) physiological condition monitoring (pulse rate, blood oxygenation) operators position detection (standing, lying) wireless data acquisition using Blue tooth technology real-time user-defined alarm triggering physiological data, operators voice and overall view of the control room recording recorded data playbackBlue Eyes system can be applied in every working environment requiring permanent operators attention at power plant control rooms at captai n bridges at flight control centers.APPLICATIONS One of the main benefits of speech recognition system is that it lets user do other works concurrently. The user can concentrate on ceremony and manual operations, and still control the machinery by voice input commands. another(prenominal) major application of speech processing is in military operations. constituent control of weapons is an example. With reliable speech recognition equipment, pilots can give commands and information to the computers by simply speaking into their microphones-they dont have to use their hands for this purpose. another(prenominal) good example is a radiotherapist scanning hundreds of X-rays, ultrasonograms, CT scans and simultaneously dictating conclusions to a speech recognition system connected to word processors. The radiologist can focus his attention on the images rather than writing the text. Voice recognition could also be used on computers for making skyway and hotel reservations. A user re quires simply to state his needs, to make reservation, cancel a reservation, or make enquiries about schedule.CONCLUSIONThe nineties witnessed quantum leaps interface design for improved man machine interactions. The BLUE EYES technology ensures a convenient way of simplifying the life by providing more delicate and user friendly facilities in computing devices. Now that we have proven the method, the close step is to improve the hardware. Instead of using cumbersome modules to gather information about the user, it will be better to use smaller and less intrusive units. The day is not far when this technology will publicize its way into your house hold, making you more lazy. It may even feed your hand held mobile device. Any way this is only a expert forecast.In future it is possible to create a computer which can interact with us as we interact each other with the use of blue eye technology. It seems to be a fiction, but it will be the life lead by BLUE EYES in the very near f uture. ordinary household devices such as televisions, refrigerators, and ovens may be able to do their jobs when we look at them and speak to them.