Freud Essay -- essays research papers fc

In The commie Manifesto, Karl Marx and Frederick Engels present their view of mankind character and the effect that the sparing system and economic factors have on it. Marx and Engels discuss gentlemans gentleman nature in the context of the economic factors which they see as driving history. Freud, in Civilization and Its Discontents, explores human nature through his psychological view of the human mind.     Marx states that history "...is the history of class struggles" (9). Marx views history as being compulsive by economics, which for him is the source of class differences. History is described in The communist Manifesto as a series of conflicts between oppressing classes and oppressed classes. check to this view of history, massive changes occur in a beau monde when invigorated technological capabilities allow a portion of the oppressed class to obliterate the power of the oppressing class. Marx briefly traces the development of this throug h different periods, mentioning some of the conglomerate oppressed and oppressing classes, but points out that in preceding societies on that point were some(prenominal) gradations of social classes. He in like manner states that this class conflict sometimes leads to "...the mutual ruin of the contending classes" (Marx 9).     Marx sees the modern age as being distinguished from earlier periods by the simplification and intensification of the class conflict. He states that "Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two bully hostile camps... bourgeoisie and travail" (Marx 9). The bourgeoisie, as the dominant class of capitalists, subjugates the proletariat by using it as an object for the expansion of capital. As capitalist economy progresses, this subjugation reduces a larger portion of the population to the proletariat and society becomes more polarized.     According to Marx, the polarization of society and the intense oppression of the proletariat will eventually lead to a revolution by the proletariat, in which the control of the bourgeoisie will be destroyed. The proletariat will and so gain control of the means of production. This revolution will result in the creation of a socialist state, which the proletariat will use to build socialist reforms and eventually communism.     The reforms which Marx ou... ...t (Freud 111). Freud can not offer some visual sense of a human utopia, but can only suggest that there is some possibility for the improvement of the human condition and society, but also warns that our success at overcoming destructive instincts may be limited.     Marx offers a idea philosophy which also sees conflict as one of the constants of prior human existence. Unlike Freud, Marx believes that the aggressive and conflict-oriented aspects of human nature will disappear on a lower floor the communist society which he see s as the inevitable product of capitalism. This is the expectant element of Marxs philosophy. However, if communism is not seen as inevitable or the possibilities for lessen human conflict before a socialist revolution ar considered, then Marxs view of human nature locks humanity into constant conflict. If the succeeding(a) is to be like Marxs version of history, then there is little hopefulness in this view of human nature.Works CitedFreud, Sigmund. Civilization and Its Discontents. Ed. James Strachey. New York W.W. Norton, 1961.Marx, Karl and Frederick Engels. The Communist Manifesto. New York International Publishers, 1994.